Regulatory-Grade Compliance Telemetry for Distributed Renewable Portfolios: A Secure Event-Sourced Fabric for Policy-Constrained Operation

Abstract

As electricity systems absorb large volumes of inverter-based generation, governance increasingly depends on the ability to observe, interpret, and verify operational behavior across many heterogeneous assets. Traditional compliance approaches rely on periodic reporting, document-heavy audits, and post hoc investigations, which do not scale well when operational decisions are automated and conditions change quickly. At the same time, higher penetration elevates the sensitivity of power-quality constraints, reliability services, and environmental or community operating limits, creating a need for oversight mechanisms that can be both technically rigorous and administratively workable. This paper proposes a regulatory-grade compliance telemetry fabric that treats compliance as a continuously maintained, event-sourced record of policy-constrained decisions rather than as a static checklist. The core contribution is an architecture that binds policy obligations to a tamper-evident stream of signed operational events, supports verifiable attribution across delegated operators and intermediaries, and enables low-latency auditing without forcing universal data disclosure. The design specifies interoperable compliance objects, runtime checkers that evaluate obligations against observed actions, and dispute-resolution workflows that reconstruct the provenance of contested outcomes. The approach is engineered for environments where fleets are controlled by aggregators, grid operators require fast assurance about constraint adherence, and regulators must manage both confidentiality and accountability. The paper details the fabric’s threat model, data-plane primitives, policy compilation workflow, and practical deployment considerations, and proposes an evaluation methodology centered on stress scenarios, audit-time measurements, and robustness under policy updates.